ISLAMABAD: Weight-loss medications are often seen as a fast solution, but experts caution they are not a simple or permanent fix, particularly for maintaining long-term results.
While drugs such as semaglutide and tirzepatide have transformed obesity treatment, they require careful consideration before use.
Many individuals have experienced significant benefits. Patients report reduced appetite, increased energy, and substantial weight loss. These medications work by mimicking hormones that signal fullness, helping people consume less food.
On average, users can lose between 14% and 20% of their body weight over time, although some individuals see limited results.
Return of food noise
Despite their effectiveness, specialists warn that the benefits may not last without continued use. Studies show that many people regain weight quickly after stopping treatment, sometimes at a faster rate than those following traditional weight-loss programmes.
This is partly due to hormonal responses that increase appetite and slow metabolism once the medication is discontinued. Experts also highlight the return of “food noise” — persistent thoughts about eating — which can undermine progress.
Doctors emphasise that obesity is a long-term condition, meaning many patients may need ongoing treatment. However, cost, access, and personal preferences often lead people to stop using the drugs within a year.
Without additional support, this can result in weight regain and the return of related health issues such as high blood pressure.
Behavioural adjustments
Lifestyle changes remain essential. Specialists stress that combining medication with improved diet, physical activity, and behavioural adjustments leads to better outcomes.
Without these changes, individuals risk nutritional deficiencies, muscle loss, and other complications.
Small, manageable steps — such as healthier food choices, increased movement, and stress management — have been shown to support long-term success.
There are also concerns about side effects, including digestive issues, gallstones, and potential impacts on bone and muscle health.
While some studies suggest broader health benefits, including improved heart health, the long-term effects are still being studied.
Health authorities, including the World Health Organisation, stress that medication alone cannot solve the global obesity crisis. Instead, a combination of medical treatment, behavioural support, and healthier environments is needed to achieve lasting results.
