Key points
- Returnee migrants worsen housing shortages
- Millions return amid fragile infrastructure
- Employment remains scarce for deported migrants
ISLAMABAD: The United Nations has warned that thousands of families in Afghanistan are facing a severe lack of shelter as winter temperatures drop, compounding the hardship of returnee migrants and communities affected by recent earthquakes.
In a statement issued on Sunday, 25 January, the UN Human Settlements Programme (UN-Habitat) said many families are living in damaged or temporary mud-brick structures that offer little protection from harsh winter conditions. The agency stressed that urgent action is needed to prevent further humanitarian suffering.
The crisis has been intensified by the large-scale return of migrants from neighbouring countries. According to Taliban statistics, around 2.8 million migrants have returned to Afghanistan in 2025 alone, placing additional pressure on already fragile housing, employment and social support systems.
Livelihood opportunities
Many returnees arrive with limited resources and few livelihood opportunities. A recent United Nations report found that only 11 per cent of deported migrants are currently employed, leaving the vast majority struggling to meet basic needs. The lack of income has made it difficult for families to repair damaged homes or secure adequate accommodation.
Earthquake-affected communities are facing similar challenges, with thousands still displaced months after their homes were destroyed or rendered unsafe. Aid agencies warn that without timely shelter assistance, families remain at risk of illness, exposure and further displacement.
UN-Habitat has called for immediate support to address shelter needs, warning that delays could have life-threatening consequences during the winter months.
