In the 18th constitutional amendment, the parliamentarians of Pakistan added article 25-A, guaranteeing compulsory formal education to children between the ages of 5 and 16, redefining the priorities of the state towards education.
Education is a universal human right essential for human well-being and sustainable development. The United Nations has given it a central place in the Universal Declaration of Human Rights (UDHR) of 1948(Article 26). The recognition of education as a fundamental right reiterates its catalytic power in reducing poverty, achieving gender equality and ensuring sustainable development. In 2015, 193 member states unanimously signed the comprehensive 17 Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) where in SDG 4, the goal is to “ensure inclusive and equitable quality education and promote lifelong learning opportunities for all”.
The statement by the Ministry of Education terms SNC is a historic initiative launched to eradicate the class-based education system and constitute equal standards of education for all Pakistani students, regardless of race, class, gender, and any other marker.
There was to be social cohesion resulting in national integration at all levels. The inequality and social disparity would be alleviated; thus, there would be equal opportunities for everyone for upward social mobility.
Pakistan, in 2021, initiated SNC to be implemented throughout the country. Implementing a standard education system across the country and reducing social disparity are the two primary goals of the Single National Curriculum. By institutionalizing the program, English, Urdu, Math, General Knowledge, Islamiyat, Science, Social Studies and one regional language made compulsory for cultural appropriation in the curriculum.
English, Urdu, Maths for Pre-Primary.
English, Urdu, Maths, and General Knowledge for Grades 1, 2, and 3.
English, Urdu, Maths, General Science, Social Studies, Islamiyat for 4,5,6,7,8 grades.
Ismaa Sa’adat is a passionate teacher, the body and soul behind “QBS Home for Amazing Kids, a Charity School” in Islamabad, aimed to provide students with a well-rounded education. The first few who adopted SNC in Punjab and in the federation. “So Isma’a, what about non-Muslim students in Pakistan? Is there a choice of Ethics as a subject, a possible course in the curriculum which can be offered to them? ” I was intrigued as an educationist by genes and choice. Ismaa Saadat “Not mentioned yet. No textbook is given in the curriculum!”
“We had two Christian kids. They had to study Islamiyat”, she said.
“Quite unethical”, I thought to myself.
“Well, actually, they were quite settled with this idea… In fact knew most of the items!” she said. Well, that’s where we as a nation should feel obligated and proud of the holistic approach of the minorities, which focuses on integration. However, this gesture of compliance to homogenize society should not be taken for granted. Minorities for the sake of human rights should be offered a choice of opting in or out of Islamic studies. If we want to create mutual respect and peace within the country. While talking in favor of SNC we should also try to point out the weaknesses in the program for better academic excellence. For holistic development and cultural understanding.
Pakistan Studies is a subject that aims at improving students’ knowledge about the history, culture and geography of Pakistan and to inculcate patriotism in students so that they may become good citizens. Sadly, the Pakistan studies course does not provide scope for research and developing a critical appreciation of Pakistan’s History, geography and civics.
The prospects of SNC Pakistan could be huge in the long term if the shortcomings of the programme are not ignored. Such as by making a regional language compulsory to inculcate unique cultural and traditional identity in people. Unity in diversification is more bonding than merely cultivating nationalism. Though it is an arduous task to be managed but again nothing is impossible.
Nazrah Quran being made compulsory in the early years of education is another bone of discontent. Not keeping human rights and minority rights in view but also when there is no meaningful teaching of the divine book. This means that Quran should be taught in meaning and by critically applying it to the lifestyle of the nation.
Teacher training and revamping all educational boards, along with facilitating libraries and labs, is another lacuna which needs attention.
Pakistan’s public expenditure on education as a percentage to GDP is estimated at 1.7 per cent in the fiscal year 2022-23, which is the lowest in the region. With these statistics, one can only be idealistic as practical implementation would remain a dream while taking into account the laziness and corruption of public offices.
Skill development is the need of the hour. The International Baccalaureate is one of the best examples of research-oriented skill development programs. In our school days, we were taught embroidery and sewing. Developing competency, capability and artistry without much cost. It generated respect for blue-collar and pride in the trade.
We live in an economically divided society. The financial gaps are unsurmountable. Dividing the nation into different socioeconomic groups. Aitchison College, amongst a few institutes of the privileged, has not adopted SNC Pakistan.
The right curriculum may provide students with access to high-quality educational resources, such as textbooks, instructional materials, and technology. This may amplify the learning experience and ensure that students have access to the latest research and developments in their field of study.
Choosing the best international curriculum for a student depends on various factors, such as the student’s learning style, future academic and professional aspirations, and personal preferences.
Ultimately, the best curriculum is one that provides a well-rounded education, fosters critical thinking and creativity, and prepares students for success in their future endeavors, building bridges between the society, alleviating poverty and disparity, stimulating gender equity, creating economic and financial opportunities along with motivating innovation and discovery. Parents and educators must carefully consider each curriculum’s unique features and match them to students’ needs to ensure they receive the best possible education.
