ABU DHABI: In a medical symposium held in Abu Dhabi, leading experts in obstetrics and gynaecology highlighted the concerning correlation between long-term use of birth control pills and heightened risk of cervical cancer. Dr. Summia Zaher, a respected consultant in the field, emphasized the hormonal link to this form of cancer, stressing the need for preventive measures and regular screenings.
Dr. Summia explained that synthetic hormones present in birth control pills, akin to naturally occurring estrogen and progesterone, could potentially stimulate the growth of certain cancers, including cervical cancer. Furthermore, these hormones might alter the susceptibility of cervical cells to persistent high-risk human papillomavirus (HPV) infection, a primary factor associated with cervical cancer.
Studies highlighted by Dr. Summia suggested a notable correlation between the duration of oral contraceptive use and cervical cancer risk. Women who have used contraceptives for more than five years face a higher risk, with a doubling of risk observed in those using contraceptives for 10 years or more. Importantly, once women discontinue oral contraceptives, their risk gradually declines over time.
Impact of Childbirth on Cervical Cancer Risk
Additionally, Dr. Summia addressed the impact of childbirth on cervical cancer risk. Women with multiple children may face heightened risk due to increased exposure to HPV infection and hormonal changes during pregnancy. The timing of pregnancies also plays a significant role, with those having their first full-term pregnancy before the age of 20 at a higher risk.
Beyond hormonal factors and childbirth, Dr. Summia highlighted other risk factors for cervical cancer, including family history, smoking, dietary habits, and economic status. Limited access to healthcare services, such as screenings and vaccinations, may increase risks for lower-income women.
Dr. Shweta Narang, Medical Director and Director of Clinical Operations at M42’s National Reference Laboratory, emphasized the crucial role of precise screening methods for early detection. Given that HPV infection significantly contributes to cervical cancer, the primary screening method involves a combination of Pap tests and HPV screening.
To mitigate the risk of cervical cancer, experts stress the importance of regular screening tests, which can detect changes in cervical cells before they become cancerous. Regular follow-up with increased surveillance is crucial if abnormalities are detected in screening tests.
